In Websters Dictionary, Morality Is Defined As Principles Of Right And

In Webster's dictionary, morality is defined as "principles of right and wrong in conduct; ethics." The principles of morality have countless times evolved over the ages. In earlier times, death was an easy penalty for many crimes. These crimes today are considered minor and are penalized with a slap on the hand. Is this considered wrong? Who is the correct authority to consult on what is right or wrong? In today's society, two major factors concern how the way members of society act and behave. The first is our national government. Members of our government in positions of authority decide everything in our lives in the form of laws which determine our behavior. One of the most important documents written by our government is the Declaration of Independence. The monarchy was taking away power from the colonists and putting more demands on. In return, the colonists declared their freedom from their tyrant. In this document, it states, "All men are created equal; that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness." The great men who wrote this down had a strong sense of morals. They believed that men were given rights by God that no one could take away. This is essential to the issue of morality because it determines the rights- that are agreed upon all- are wrong. This brings us to religion. Religion is a major contributor to how we think and act because it mirrors our beliefs in what we hold as right or wrong. An example of this is the native tribes of africa and South America where a number of tribes practice cannibalism. While this is considered a sin in most christian religions, the tribes have evolved into cannibalism as a way to survive in life and have no objections to their eating habits. The problem arises when the line between government and religion is crossed. While religion does not have to power to punish one physically, but rather soulfully of one has sinned. The government has the power to sentence punishment, yet should have no power concerning God. Many different religions have evolved all over the world and in the process, have people have been prosecuted in their faith. The first settlers in the new world came here to avoid prosecution from the powerful church/government of that time. Specifically, the Church of England headed by the king. Puritan leaders led their followers to a place where they could express their religion with no fear of other faiths. One such leader was John Winthrop. John Winthrop was a powerful Puritan governor in the colony of Massachusetts Bay. He believed that this was a calling from God for him to lead the new religious experiment-a covenant with God to built a model for mankind. "We shall be a city upon the hill." declared Winthrop. As governor Winthrop held considerable power. He distrusted the commoners and thought democracy was the "meanest and worst" forms of government. Anyone who brought trouble or had indifferent thought were severely punished to "save their soul." As one of his extensions of his powers he banished Roger Williams, a popular Salem minister with radical ideas and an unrestrained tongue, and Mistress Anne Hutchinson, A strong willed women who challenged the authority of the clergy by stating the truly saved need not bother to obey the laws of God or man. Several problems arise throughout this banishment. I am for a democratic society in which one can express his or her thoughts without the fear of prosecution. They did not have the luxury of this. The need for the expressment of ideas is essential for a growing environment. If no growth is made, then expansion of the community is halted to a standstill. The limit of new idea's must have a point, though. In recent news, the Unabomber has issued a ultimanium with his manuscript. In the past, such a request would have been rediculous. In his manuscript he expresses his view on the evils of technology. While a citizen is entitled to free speech and press, threatening murder is not such an option. There must be limits set. In colonial times these limitations were set

Free Essays on My Life And Philosophy

I truly believe that philosophy is constructed instead of being discovered. When I found out that I had to write an entire essay on the philosophy of my life, it was evident to me that it was going to be a challenge. There have been times when I wished that I was so much older, and everybody had always told me to slow down and take things one day at a time. I know am only seventeen, but as high school has passed by so quickly, I have realized to slow down and to stop speeding through life and make it the best I can. It seems like everybody is always in such a big rush to get to where they are going. I know I only live once, so why not enjoy it by living life to its fullest and focusing on the task at hand. Life to me is a lot like driving with your headlights on, you can’t see that far away but eventually you’ll reach your destination. We don’t know what the future holds and of course, we are all very anxious to find out. On the road of life there are obstacles and with those obstacles come risks we must take. I understand that life is hard sometimes and focusing on goals is an absolute must. Staying focused, making good choices and common sense play immense roles in our everyday decisions. With that said, is how I try to live my life no matter what is thrown at me, I just allow a little breathing room. Life is what we make it, always has been and always will be. Accomplishing tough obstacles that come my way by judging the situation and making good choices is my philosophy on life. Just like having potholes in the road, many things represent the misfortunes in life. I love taking risks especially when they pay off in the end because that’s what allows me get closer to my dreams. If I sat back and isolated myself from what’s really out there, I would be holding myself back from so many possible experiences. Experience is also something that allows you to live your life to the fullest, and protects you from makin... Free Essays on My Life And Philosophy Free Essays on My Life And Philosophy I truly believe that philosophy is constructed instead of being discovered. When I found out that I had to write an entire essay on the philosophy of my life, it was evident to me that it was going to be a challenge. There have been times when I wished that I was so much older, and everybody had always told me to slow down and take things one day at a time. I know am only seventeen, but as high school has passed by so quickly, I have realized to slow down and to stop speeding through life and make it the best I can. It seems like everybody is always in such a big rush to get to where they are going. I know I only live once, so why not enjoy it by living life to its fullest and focusing on the task at hand. Life to me is a lot like driving with your headlights on, you can’t see that far away but eventually you’ll reach your destination. We don’t know what the future holds and of course, we are all very anxious to find out. On the road of life there are obstacles and with those obstacles come risks we must take. I understand that life is hard sometimes and focusing on goals is an absolute must. Staying focused, making good choices and common sense play immense roles in our everyday decisions. With that said, is how I try to live my life no matter what is thrown at me, I just allow a little breathing room. Life is what we make it, always has been and always will be. Accomplishing tough obstacles that come my way by judging the situation and making good choices is my philosophy on life. Just like having potholes in the road, many things represent the misfortunes in life. I love taking risks especially when they pay off in the end because that’s what allows me get closer to my dreams. If I sat back and isolated myself from what’s really out there, I would be holding myself back from so many possible experiences. Experience is also something that allows you to live your life to the fullest, and protects you from makin...

Ethics and the Indian Laborer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ethics and the Indian Laborer - Essay Example Therefore, Indian government and manufacturing supervision are putting profits ahead of the Indian health condition with no additional compensation for these poor working conditions for the laborer. Even though international agencies such as the United Nations continue to exert pressure on improving labor reform, such groups have little to no legal influence in these countries and no changes are implemented for the Indian employee. Â  Another difficulty in providing ethical behavior for the workers is the tiered system of production common for clothing manufacture in India. Many American companies source their apparel brands with a large textile company where orders are placed and final shipment of the merchandise is delivered. However, these companies have tiers of manufacture that include small factories and individual workers that do hand-beading, sequin work, embroidery and other associated decoration on more expensive clothing (Level Works Limited, 2009). Those smaller companie s’ low-skilled laborers that are not protected under the jurisdiction of certain labor laws are usually managed by independent business owners. The companies from the U.S. that source in this way are aware of these tiers of supply, but do little to invest capital into building a more efficient supply network in the larger company. In this case, the American manager is turning away from the plight of the exploited second and third tier employees in the process while India allows private companies to keep quality laborers in the poverty zone.

Conquest of Ireland Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Conquest of Ireland - Essay Example The course of history took a deep change when in 1155 Pope Adrian IV issued a bill to the counselor of Henry IV. This bill issued by Pope Adrian gave the current powers of loyalty to Henry II who was the King of England. It also gave him the power to enter the territory of Ireland and conquer it. However while Pope Adrian gave Henry IV all the powers he made sure that Henry IV abided by the bill he passed. The church was given the supreme power and the government there took a change in its policies. Centralized government was promoted in the lands of Ireland after Henry IV took over. But the task of conquest was not easy for Henry IV as he had to take help from different nobles belonging to Ireland. Dermot MacMurrough had an important role to play in the conquest of Henry II.2 He was known to be the king of an Irish state named Linster. As MacMurrough was the king of the Irish state he had total power over the trade activities happening in Linster. And these trade activities helped h im to develop a good relationship with Henry II. However after a passage of time MacMurrough was forced to go in exile by the other nobles living in the Irish state. This made MacMurrough seek the help of Henry II to enter his territory of Linster again. And as the internal structure of the Irish state was in a jeopardy Henry II took the benefit of the situation. MacMurrough was granted troops by Henry II to conquer his state Linster but in the form of a recommendation. This recommendation given by Henry II urged a person known as Strongbow to provide MacMurrough with his army. But when MacMurrough asked for support from Strongbow he gave such conditions to MacMurrough which were not acceptable to him. And thus he moved ahead without the support of Strongbow. However he gained the support of different nobles and moved into the land of Ireland with a very small army in 1167. In the beginning the conquest was proved to be quite successful but as he moved ahead the enemies brought in f orces which could not be stopped. At this moment MacMurrough was aided by other allies to be victorious again in the campaign. MacMurrough's army consisted of a very small amount of people, but these people were known to be well equipped and brave. This army helped MacMurrough gain access to the old state of Linster and he was once again pronounced the King of Linster. Soon after he broke a deal which he had previously made with his enemies and this proved to be costly for him as the enemies were charging on him with a great force. Seeing the situation MacMurrough realized that he did not have adequate equipment and soldiers to fight a large army and requested Strongbow again to conquer Ireland. Strongbow with a large army marched towards the state of Ireland and emerged victorious in conquering Dublin. Soon after the conquest he established the rules and ethics of an Anglo Norman colony in the states of Ireland. After the death of MacMurrough, Strongbow was also named as the King o f Linster.3 On the other hand all these invasions were being closely monitored by King Henry II. He realized that England was surrounded by a number of enemy countries which were France and Spain. And now as Ireland was going under the control of Anglo-Normans Henry II realized the danger. The thought of being surrounded by a number of enemies through out the territory of England made King Henry II conquer Ireland. As King Henry II

Public Health and Health Care Essay Example for Free

Public Health and Health Care Essay Public health is one the of the science that improves and protects the health care of the communities and families through promotions of healthy lifestyles, research for injury and disease prevention and detection and control of infectious diseases. Public health professionals try and prevent issues from happening or recurring through implementing educational programs recommending policies, manage services and conducting research. Such as contrast to clinical professionals doctors, and nurses, who will focus primarily on treating people after they become injured or ill. Public health also works to limit health care disparities. A greater part of public health is promoting health care equity, accessibility and quality (International Health Conference, 1946). How CDC Contributes to Public Health The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is the nation’s disease prevention and wellness promotion agency, protecting individual’s safety and health, giving credible information to enhance health care decisions, and improving health care through strong organization. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) work includes wide range health care threats, including infectious chronic diseases, birth defects, injuries, water safety food, environmental hazards, safety and occupational health. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) also administers funding for local health departments and state, community based companies and academic institutions for a wide array of public health programs and research. Daily Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) experts work both behind the scenes and on the frontlines to improve individual’s daily lives and respond to health care emergencies. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is h eadquartered in Atlanta and has just about 14,000,  full-time, part-time and contract employees located all through the U.S. and in 54 countries (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012). Specific Ways CDC Influence/ Roles of CDC Agency Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) contribute with its partner around the world to detect and investigate health care problems, monitor health, conduct research to enhance prevention, develop and advocate sound public health policies, and provide leadership and training. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) develops a system design recognizing information and sources that best tackle a surveillance goal, be familiar with who will have rights to use information, by what technique and under what circumstances; also improving analysis or action by improving the surveillance system communication with other information systems Using data group recognizing possible bias linked with another collection technique cultural approach in the direction of technology or telephone use, recognizing suitable use of structured data compared with free text, more useful, data standards and language and suggest technologies such as global radio-frequency and positioning systems i dentification to maintain faster, higher-quality data and easier, access in the field. Information management and collation recognize ways to share data across different computing technology proposal linking new information with data from legacy systems; and be familiar with and remedying information quality issues as making certain information security and privacy. â€Å"Analysis recognize suitable statistical and image applications, put together algorithms to prepare users to aberrations within health care events also leveraging high routine computational resources for large data sets or difficult analyses† (Dixon, Gamache, Grannis, 2013). Understanding the value of evaluate information from one surveillance plan with other information time, place, person, or condition for new viewpoint and merge data of other quality to give a background for explanation and foundation. Diffusion suggest suitable let somebody see information users and the best technique to reach the proposed audience, smooth the progress of data finding; and recognize benefits for information providers (Lundstrom, Pugliese, Bartley, Cox, Guither, 2002). Application to public health programs assessing the utility of having surveillance data directly flow into information systems that support public health interventions and information elements or standards that facilitate this linkage of surveillance to action and improving access to and use of information produced by a surveillance system for workers in the field and health-care providers (Dixon, Gamache, Grannis, 2013).

Customer Service Bench Marking: Hotel Analysis

Customer Service Bench Marking: Hotel Analysis A) Customer Service Bench Marking The Old Ground Hotel Built in the early part of the 18th Century as a private dwelling and a hotel since 1895. The Old Ground has played its part in the Republics tumultuous beginnings and the Town Hall once incorporated a jail. Currently the hotel is a 4-star hotel ran by the hotel group the Flynn brothers. Temple Gate The hotel is on a 19th century Convent of Mercy site with a fascinating and eventful history. Before it was converted to a convent, the original houses, Row House and Lifford House was the property of Charles OConnell, cousin of Daniel OConnell. Currently the hotel is a 4-star hotel. FINDINGS OLD GROUND TEMPLE GATE Organisation/Business image Well presented Bar area is very dull Clean inside Shabby looking appearance from outside Well-kept garden on hotel grounds Well presented Clean Bright Modern appearance from outside. No outdoor space car park is mixed with public car park and bus pick up and drop off point Personal Presentation of Employees Well groomed Clean appearance Clean uniforms Well groomed Clean appearance Clean uniforms Interpersonal Skills of individuals dealt with Some of the members of the weighting staff were quite rude and unprofessional in the hotel restaurant All staff were very helpful and professional Effective Handling of Enquiry Enquiry made in the restaurant was handled well but had a quite delayed response Enquiry was handled professionally effectively and rapidly. Ability of Employee to Present information Accurately The information required was directions and they were given quite clearly and accurately When requesting information I enquired about local facilities and all information was given accurately Overall comment on efficiency and customer service delivered by the organisation/businesses. The overall customer service received was ok but could do with some work The customer service was excellent 3) The staff in the Old Ground could do with some upskilling on their customer service, for the most part of my visit the staff were excellent and had good customer service skills but there was one or two members of staff that could benefit with some upskilling. The Temple gate staff all had excellent customer service skills. B) Consumer Protection Ombudsman Citizens Information Who they protect The ombudsman protects all types of people who have made complaints about receiving unfair treatment from public bodies such as the HSE, local authorities etc. Citizens information helps people with many aspects. Citizens Information provides information on public services and on the entitlements of Irish citizens. It provides advice on social welfare, housing, government, moving country, employment, unemployment and much more. How they operate The ombudsman operates by receiving complaints from the public and investigating what actions need to be taken and/or if the compliant is true. They gather all information available to them from public agencies and bodies and present it to the public in a useful way. The specific piece of legislation they operate within The Ombudsmans legal authority to investigate complaints, and to recommend redress where necessary, is set out primarily in the Ombudsman Act 1980. The Ombudsman Act has been amended a number of times, principally by the Ombudsman (Amendment) Act 1984 and by the Ombudsman (Amendment) Act 2012. There are also some other Acts and Regulations, including the Disability Act, 2005, whose provisions affect the role of the Ombudsman.[i] The Consumer Protection Act 2007 came into effect in Ireland on 1 May 2007. The Act provided for the establishment of the National Consumer Agency. Under the Competition and Consumer Protection Act 2014 the National Consumer Agency and the Competition Authority were replaced by the Competition and Consumer Protection Commission. The Commission took over the functions of the two agencies.[ii] How to make a complaint When complaining complaints can be made in writing, email or by using an online complaint form. Once the complaint has been made the ombudsman investigates them. If your complaint has found to be true the ombudsman will review what it has done, change its decision and/or offer you an explanation, an apology and/or financial compensation. Citizens Information provides information on how to make complaints correctly/effectively to public bodies/ agencies. They advise people that before they make complaints they should know their rights, stand up for these rights be assertive without being aggressive, always try to stay calm and polite Keep notes and documentation to back up the complaint Their limitations The Ombudsman does not intervene for the following: Court proceedings Private disputes Matters concerning foreign missions e.g. Embassy, High Commission, etc. Private disputes Cabinet matters Complaints against private bodies Complaints against local authorities Matters relating to defence, external relations and internal security [iii] Citizens Information limitations are within their legislation as they cannot take any action all they can do is advise people on the best way to take action. C) Customer Complaints Policy Tesco is committed to providing exceptional customer service and making sure when something goes wrong we will try to improve our standards. A complaints policy has been established for customers. Under the sale of goods act and consumer protection act consumers are entitled to have complaints handled efficiently. There are 2 ways in which consumer complaints can be made formally and informally. The informal complaint should be handled immediately and the formal complaints should be dealt within 10 business days. If complaints to are not dealt within 10 business days, the customer will be contacted to update them on the status. The company will estimate of how long the resolution should take. If the complaint still hasnt been resolved after 40 business days, Tesco sends a letter to the customer requesting more time to deal with the problem. If 40 days or more have passed and the complaints have not been dealt with customers may be eligible to contact the Financial Ombudsman Service to receive help with their complaints against Tesco. If the complaint has not been resolved after 40 business days, a letter will be sent to the customer requesting extra time to deal with the complaint. When 40 days have passed since the complaint was made, customers may contact the Ombudsman.[iv]. I If you are not satisfied with the outcome of your complaint to the Customer Service Officer, the matter may be appealed to the General Manager. Customer Complaints Form Name Date Address Complaint Report Taken By INTERNAL USE ONLY Action Taken Outcome Date Completed Investigation Comments [i] https://www.ombudsman.gov.ie/en/About-Us/Legislation/ 09/03/17 [ii] http://www.citizensinformation.ie/en/consumer_affairs/consumer_protection/consumer_rights/consumer_protection_act_2007.html 09/03/17 09/03/17 [iii] http://ombudsman.govmu.org/English/Policies/Pages/Limitations.aspx 09/03/17 [iv] https://www.reference.com/food/tesco-deal-complaints-4146bdab46664ec9 15/03/17 Should I Study Abroad? Should I Study Abroad? Every year thousands and thousands of people leave the comforts of their homes to learn English in countries such as the United States, Canada, England, and Australia. Why do they do it? Many feel that by studying a language in a country where it is spoken, they will be able to learn it more quickly. Others feel that studying abroad gives them a kind of prestige in their home country. It may even lead to a better job. And quite a few people want to study abroad for the pure pleasure and excitement it brings. But living and studying in another country can also have its problems. Almost everyone experiences some level of homesickness. And a few people go home earlier than expected because their ideas about living in another country were different from reality. Is learning English abroad something you are interested in? Whether to learn a language by studying abroad is a big decision. You should be aware of what you are getting into before you start packing your bags. Disadvantages of Studying Abroad Studying abroad does not mean you will learn English magically. Many people think that they just need to live in another country and they will learn the local language. This is not completely true. You still need to pay attention and study. There are people who live in foreign countries for many, many years without knowing the language well. However, it will probably come to you easier and faster than if you just studied the language in your home country. Studying abroad can be hard. You will probably have times when you miss your family, friends, food, and everything familiar. Almost everyone goes through some culture shock. You will have to realize and accept that it will take some time to adjust to a new way of living. Studying abroad can be expensive. There is no doubt that it takes money to study abroad. It can vary from kind of expensive to very expensive. Most places dont allow international students to work. You will have to have the money before you arrive in the country or have someone from home support you. Is this something that you and/or your family can afford? Advantages of Studying Abroad You are surrounded by English. Yes, you need to pay attention and do some studying, but everything comes faster when you do because English is everywhere- on the streets, in the stores, on the TV- you cant get away from it. Your eyes are opened to the world. We often grow up thinking that our way of doing things is the only way, or sometimes the best way. But living in a new culture helps us realize new ways of doing things, and also helps us to see that even though we are different, we are all human. And in many cases, not only will you get to know the natives of the country you are visiting, you may get to know classmates from all over the world. You learn to take care of yourself. Living in another country, even if it is with a host family, means you might be doing things you may not have done in your home country. These include cooking, cleaning, grocery shopping, washing clothes, figuring out transportation, making living arrangements, setting up accounts for cell phones and utilities, etc. You may think of this as a disadvantage, but many international students go home proud that they have become very self-sufficient. Your life will be forever changed. One of the greatest things that happens when you do something as big as live in another country is- you become a changed person- your outlook on life is different. Your new maturity can help lead you to new places in your life. You make memories that will last a lifetime. Your pictures, journals, and souvenirs will help you remember your time abroad, but your memories and emotions of this special time will also be a part of your life until you are very old. So how can you know if studying abroad is right for you? First, start by talking to people who have already done it. Of course everyone will have his or her own experience and point of view, but it can be really helpful to hear what other people have to say. If you dont know anyone who has studied abroad, ask others about their experiences through the internet. Daves ESL Cafe is a good place to start. If you do decide that you are interested in going abroad, take a look at websites like www.StudyAbroad.com and www.HyperStudy.com to search for schools and get advice on where to go. Studying abroad can really change your life. And hopefully if you decide to do it, it will be a wonderful experience for you. The very best of luck to you. Retrieved From: http://www.5minuteenglish.com/study_abroad.html Summary of Should I Study Abroad? Suffer from constant homesickness especially during the early years of living abroad The cost of education is very expensive Institutions does not allow international students to work Students are exposed to different kinds of learning environment Students are exposed to different kinds of people and their various culture Students are more independent and confident Students outlook of life will be changed 2nd Article Is Studying Overseas Worth It? Mon, 11/09/2009 15:50 Nabilah Before you can answer that question, youll first need to know how studying overseas differs from doing so locally. By Tan Yan Shuo An overseas university education in Australia, the United Kingdom (UK) or the United States of America (US) can easily set you back by several hundred thousand dollars. In comparison, the National University of Singapore (NUS), Nanyang Technological University (NTU) and Singapore Management University (SMU) all charge an annual tuition fee of less than S$10,000. Yet, every year, thousands of Singaporean students flock to universities in these countries. You may be considering studying overseas too. However, before you jump on the bandwagon, it is important to examine your motivations for wanting to do so, and to ask yourself if they are justified. And most of all, to make a better, informed decision, you need to be elucidated on the major differences between studying overseas and locally. Prestige and Career Opportunities It is a myth that our local universities are less well-perceived by employers than their foreign counterparts. In a recent survey conducted by The Straits Times, three out of four public-listed companies said they had no preference with regard to employing local or overseas graduates, with the rest preferring candidates who studied in Singapore. Furthermore, both NUS and NTU have been ranked highly by The Times Higher Education, coming in 30th and 77th respectively in the 2008 World University Rankings. However, our local universities brand names do pale in comparison to that of top-tier overseas universities such as Oxbridge in the UK and the Ivy League in the US. While it is correct to say that your performance at the university matters more than its prestige in determining your career prospects, graduates from more prestigious universities nevertheless definitely have more opportunities. An overseas education also gives you an edge if you intend to work overseas, where the brands of our local universities tend to be less recognised. Indeed, many multi-national companies recruit directly from the campuses of top overseas universities. However, when it comes to specialised degrees such as Law, Medicine, and Dentistry, our local faculties are just as selective and perhaps as prestigious as those of top overseas universities. Often, the effect of brand name is more pronounced for general degrees such as Arts and Social Sciences. Quality of Education There is little, if any, objective difference between the quality of teaching locally and overseas. Top overseas universities often boast big-name professors, and it is easy to be lulled into thinking that Nobel Prizes and similar accolades translate into quality teaching. However, in reality, being a good lecturer is a separate skill set from being a good researcher, and good and bad lecturers abound both locally and in top overseas universities. When it comes to quality of education, the key differences between local and overseas universities lie in flexibility and variety of options. Universities from the US in particular stand out in being more flexible, and having more academic options than our local universities. While NUS, NTU and SMU rarely allow students to change their courses, universities in the US are known to allow such changes even into the junior (third) year. In addition, universities from the US emphasise broad-based curricula and cater to diverse academic interests through schemes such as personalised Double Degrees, Double Majors and Accelerations. The downside to these, however, is the lack of depth of study as compared to the demanding syllabi set by local universities. The Overseas Experience By far, the biggest difference between studying overseas and locally is the experience of living alone in a foreign country. You become a one-person household, and suddenly you realise there were a million things your parents did that you now have to manage by yourself. Apart from doing your own laundry and cooking your own meals, there are also more significant things such as finding your way in a foreign society, and responding to setbacks without the comforting proximity of family and friends. Over the years, these individual experiences add up to make you a little more street-smart, a little more independent, and a little more mature. As an alien in a foreign country, you will also face the prospect of learning the unspoken rules and social norms that others assume you already know, and dealing with people whose value systems and underlying assumptions about the world are radically different from your own. If you can cope with these challenges, you will emerge a more thoughtful, adaptable, and confident person. Nevertheless, as enriching as an overseas experience sounds, it is not for everybody. Going overseas to study is like jumping into the deep end of the pool. Some are naturally good swimmers who flourish with the challenges, while others are mere beginners who will do better if introduced to swimming in a less intimidating environment. Likewise, not everyone at the age of 18 is ready to leave the comforts and familiarity of home. Fortunately, there are other ways of gaining elements of the overseas experience without enrolling in an overseas university. Staying on campus can provide a simulation of living independently, and if you fall sick, you always have the option of returning home. For a more bite-sized experience of studying overseas, you can also apply for student exchange programmes offered by all three local universities. Studying overseas is not the Holy Grail of university education. There is little, if any, compromise in terms of quality, prestige and career opportunities if you choose to study locally. Although studying overseas can be a unique and life-changing experience, it is not for everybody (whether due to cost or other factors), and there are other, albeit more circuitous, means of achieving the same outcomes. Retrieved From: http://community.jobscentral.com.sg/node/1318 Summary of Is Studying Overseas Worth It? Quality of education is better overseas More job opportunities for students who have studied overseas Some courses or subjects are not available in local institutions Students are more independent Students are more mature Students are more confident Students will be able to understand and experience the social norm and culture of the country 3rd Article Will the difference make a huge impact on career path? FOR a very long time, studying abroad was an option purely for the deep-pocketed elite. Apart from the cost factor, many families chose to send their kids overseas because of the cultural wealth and better job prospects that came with it. Fast forward to today, many still choose to send their children overseas to pursue their education. Thanks to rising affluence, more families are able to send their kids abroad. But are the benefits of studying some thousands of miles away versus just down the street so drastic that its really going to make a huge impact on ones career path? Studying abroad The main issue to consider when studying abroad is that it requires more financial support and planning. Lee, a 30-year old information technology graduate from the United States admits that the biggest issue about studying overseas is the cost. Studying overseas can be really expensive. Accommodation and food is denominated in a currency thats probably higher than ours. Furthermore, most countries do not allow foreign students to work, so you need to have money before you arrive in the country or have someone from home supporting you. However, having a foreign qualification helps to make your resume stand out compared with the rest, he says. Dinesh Kanavaji, 31, is a practising lawyer in Malaysia who studied law in Britain in the late 90s. His two-year course cost him about  £15,000 a year or about RM90,000 annually given the high exchange rate at the time. At the time, the tuition fees cost about  £10,000 annually. Accommodation and food cost about  £4,000 or so, this of course, provided that you lived at a campus hostel rather than elsewhere. Ultimately, it was a character-building experience, having to be able to live, cook and travel on your own, he says, adding that studying abroad also provides a unique opportunity for language and cultural immersion. Dinesh also feels that the standard of education offered overseas is higher. The standard is higher over there. The lecturers are experienced and well trained, comprising doctors and professors that have written a few books. Many of the lecturers locally are quite young. He also says the education in Malaysia (as far as law was concerned) was very academically-driven. In Britain, they make you work and figure things out for yourself, creating a heightened level of maturity. Studying locally Dineshs wife Melissa Ram, 32, studied her Bachelor of Jurisprudence degree in law entirely in Malaysia and is quick to admit the cost benefits of studying locally. Compared with Dinesh, her four-year course (plus one year of A-Levels) cost just RM20,000. It probably would have cost me three times more if I had studied overseas. Also, you dont have to worry about getting home-sick and can meet up with your friends any time, she says. Melissa however admits that the level of education in Malaysia (especially in law) was not up to par with the standard offered overseas. I participated in a legal workshop that was conducted by solicitors from London and could immediately feel that the quality of their training was far superior. She says law degree graduates in Britain that studied for the bar exam (which qualifies a person to practice law) were subjected to hands-on training while the Malaysian equivalent of the bar, the CLP (Certificate in Legal Practice), is purely academic in nature. Those who do get the opportunity to study overseas should go, Melissa says. Chan, 29, a local engineering graduate, says studying locally provided him with flexibility to do whatever he wanted during semester breaks. During your semester breaks, you can find good temporary employment at places such as McDonalds or a shopping complex for instance without the need to worry about work permits or the language. He adds that food is also cheap and abundant in Malaysia compared with many other countries. Who do the employers prefer? Malaysian Employers Federation executive director Shamsudin Bardan says there is generally a preference for foreign graduates by employers. Its because foreign graduates are more proficient in English and have better thinking skills. They are more mature and independent than local graduates. In terms of qualification or technical ability, theres not much difference (with local graduates). However, when it comes to soft skills, foreign graduates have the advantage, he says. A spokesman from the Malaysian Institute of Human Resource Management also concurs that there is a preference for foreign graduates. Multinationals, especially, are more keen to hire foreign graduates because they carry themselves better. They speak well and with confidence during the interview. Local graduates (who are more weak in terms of soft skills) dont express themselves well enough in front of the interviewer, who would think that the interviewee is just not prepared for the job. He also says that there is a general perception that the standard of Malaysian education is more inferior when compared to the standards in other countries. A lot of people have criticised the standard of our education, which has clouded the minds the way that employers think. The environment has to change. People and politicians should change this perception. Retrieved From: http://biz.thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?sec=businessfile=/2010/10/23/business/7255501 Summary Will the Difference Make a Huge Impact on a Career Path Many parents send their kids to study overseas because they want the kids to learn new cultures. The cost is actually the biggest issue when it comes to studying abroad. The currency is higher. Studying abroad lets students to learn how to live on their own or in other words, they have to be independent. Studying locally is three times cheaper than studying overseas. Students who study locally wont experience being homesick. Students who study in the country will never have to worry about language. The cost for food in our own country, Malaysia, is way cheaper than overseas. Students who have degrees from foreign countries have better chance in being employed. Graduates from overseas have more and better soft skills than graduates from local. Foreign graduates perform well during interview compared to local graduates. 4th Article Why study abroad? 10 reasons why you should study in a foreign country Have you considered studying abroad, but are not sure whether its worth your time? If you ask anybody who has studied abroad, he or she will most certainly tell you that it is a life-changing experience and one of the most rewarding things he or she has ever done. Perhaps youre not certain what benefits you can reap from an extended stay in a foreign country. Here are 10 very excellent reasons why you should take the plunge:   1.  Study abroad is the optimal way to learn a language.  There is no better and more effective way to learn a language than to be immersed in a culture that speaks the language you are learning. Youre surrounded by the language on a daily basis and are seeing and hearing it in the proper cultural context. Language learning happens most quickly under these circumstances. [Read  why you should learn a language.] 2.  Study abroad provides the opportunity to travel.  Weekends and academic breaks allow you to venture out and explore your surroundings both your immediate and more distant surroundings. Since studying abroad often puts you on a completely different continent, you are much closer to places you might otherwise not have had the opportunity to visit. Some more structured study abroad programs even have field trips planned in or around the curriculum. 3.  Study abroad allows you get to know another culture first-hand.  Cultural differences are more than just differences in language, food, appearances, and personal habits. A persons culture reflects very deep perceptions, beliefs, and values that influence his or her way of life and the way that s/he views the world. Students who experience cultural differences personally can come to truly understand where other cultures are coming from. 4.  Study abroad will help you develop skills and give you experiences a classroom setting will never provide. Being immersed in an entirely new cultural setting is scary at first, but its also exciting. Its an opportunity to discover new strengths and abilities, conquer new challenges, and solve new problems. You will encounter situations that are wholly unfamiliar to you and will learn to adapt and respond in effective ways. 5.  Study abroad affords you the opportunity to make friends around the world. While abroad, you will meet not only natives to the culture in which you are studying, but also other international students who are as far from home as yourself. 6.  Study abroad helps you to learn about yourself. Students who study abroad return home with new ideas and perspectives about themselves and their own culture. The experience abroad often challenges them to reconsider their own beliefs and values. The experience may perhaps strengthen those values or it may cause students to alter or abandon them and embrace new concepts and perceptions. The encounter with other cultures enables students to see their own culture through new eyes. 7.  Study abroad expands your worldview. In comparison with citizens of most other countries, Americans tend to be uninformed about the world beyond the nations boundaries. Students who study abroad return home with an informed and much less biased perspective toward other cultures and peoples. 8.  Study abroad gives you the opportunity to break out of your academic routine. Study abroad is likely to be much unlike what you are used to doing as a student. You may become familiar with an entirely new academic system and you will have the chance to take courses not offered on your home campus. Its also a great opportunity to break out the monotony of the routine you follow semester after semester. 9.  Study abroad enhances employment opportunities. Did you know that only 4% of U.S. undergraduates ever study abroad? Yet, the world continues to become more globalized, American countries are increasingly investing dollars abroad, and companies from countries around the world continue to invest in the international market. Through an employers seyes, a student who has studied abroad is self-motivated, independent, willing to embrace challenges, and able to cope with diverse problems and situations. Your experience living and studying in a foreign country, negotiating another culture, and acquiring another language will all set you apart from the majority of other job applicants. [Read about  careers in foreign languages.] 10.  Study abroad can enhance the value of your degree. While abroad, you can take courses you would never have had the opportunity to take on your home campus. In addition, study abroad gives your language skills such a boost that it is normally quite easy to add a minor in a language or even a second major without having to take many more additional courses after the return to your home campus. Adapted From: http://www.vistawide.com/studyabroad/why_study_abroad.htm Summary of Why Study Abroad? When a student studies overseas, he/she learns the language that the local people use which is unusual to the student. It usually happens when a student stays and studies abroad, he/she will be surrounded by the people who use the language all the time. It also allows students to travel to new places. A student who studies abroad can also learn the peoples culture which is something new to the student himself. By learning other peoples culture, students can also change their perceptions about certain things in life. Students will also learn how to develop their skills in many things especially in soft skills. A graduate from overseas will have better opportunities to get a job. Students can have better opportunities to get a job. A student can learn more about himself. Students who study abroad can also make friends from people of different backgrounds. There are wider selections of programs and courses offered by foreign learning institutions that can be chosen by students who study overseas. 5th Article Getting your degree locally Distance from home is often an important factor when choosing where to study. You could probably group people into 4 different categories when it comes to choosing where to study and the distance it is from home; Those that are keen to study at a university or college far away from home sometimes even in a different country. Those that want to study a certain distance away from home, but not so far that they cant reasonably get back for the odd weekend. Those that want to study for a degree at a local college or university or at least one thats commutable from home. Those that arent bothered whether they study at local college or university or one thats far away. In the UK there has been a bit of a tradition that when considering where to study for a degree, students look at universities and colleges fairly, or very, far away from home. This tradition has recently started to change somewhat and more and more students are choosing to study at a local college or university and get their degree close to home. There are a few reasons why when choosing where to study people are increasingly opting for a local college or university: Financial Probably the biggest factor of all. Going away to university is an expensive thing. Expenses like rent , bills, food, transport (whilst at uni and also travelling back and forth between university and home) can be removed or significantly reduced by staying at home. Family, friends, community Studying locally enables people to remain close to their friends and family whilst at the same time taking advantage of everything that being a student has to offer a wider social group, clubs and societies, a Student Union, nights out and so on. You can also keep any part time jobs you might have. Change in cultural attitudes In many countries across the world such as Spain and Australia, most people get their degree locally and stay living at home. In the UK there has been a culture of going away to study for a degree, but increasingly the Spanish and Australian way of doing things is being seen as a good option. The point is, is that the question of where and how to get your degree isnt set in stone. Just because theres been a culture in the past of going away to university, doesnt mean studying locally isnt just as valid and in many cases can be an even more attractive option. Retrieved From: http://www.whatuni.com/degrees/university-application-ucas/study-local/local-colleges.html Summary of Getting Your Degree Locally Studying locally means that the students can be close to their homes Expenses are much lesser if the students study locally compared to the expenses studying abroad There is no need for them to pay for extra expenses such as bills, rents and others as they are living at home. Students are also able to be close to family and friends if they study in local universities. Their previous part time jobs could also be kept as an extra source of income, if they have any. In the aspects of cultural attitudes, people are beginning to favour the option of studying in local universities. Studying in the country does not mean it is not valid; it might even be a better option for the students. 6th Article LOCAL OR OVERSEAS? With so many postgraduate courses available, both locally and overseas, how do you choose? Here are some things to consider before making a final decision. By  C S CHING    Now that you have decided that a postgraduate programme is what you want to do, there are a number of issues you need to address. One of the most important is deciding where you want to  pursue it.    You have two options going overseas or doing it locally. Both options have their pros and cons, and you have to weigh each carefully to determine which suits you best. GRADUAN ® explores the options available to help you make the right decision.    STUDYING ABROAD   While a luxury before, pursuing studies abroad has become something many Malaysians can now afford. Relatively more expensive than studying locally, many regard a qualification from an overseas institution worth the money spent.    The most popular foreign destinations for Malaysian students are the UK, Australia and the US. Study opportunities in the UK and Australia are varied, with postgraduate opportunities at both taught and research levels. The US is a more traditional route for students who are committed to specialist research, especially in the sciences.    There are many reasons why some students opt to do their postgraduate work in an overseas institution. First, it could be because you did your first degree abroad and want to pursue postgraduate studies at the same institution. There are many advantages to this, not least being that you may be able to secure funding from the university and your lecturers can be your referees when applying for a place or a scholarship. Also, you wont have to deal with the hassle of moving and getting used to a new environment as you will already be familiar with the area. Not only that, you would have made friends who may also stay back to continue with their postgraduate studies. This way, you will have some company helping you go through this major change in your life.    Studying abroad can also be an enriching experience, especially if you have never been overseas before. Not only will you be gaining a postgraduate qualification, you will also be coming home with international and multicultural exposure. You will meet many different people from all over the world and learn much from them.    Also, being in a new environment is a perfect opportunity to broaden your mind. This experience may come in handy, especially when you are looking for job opportunities. If you are planning on a career with a multinational firm, this exposure will help you communicate better with the different colleagues and clients you will meet along the way.    Being in a new environment is a perfect opportunity to broaden your mind. The opportunity to study in a world-famous institution will look very impressive on your resume    The key to making a right decision is to gather all the facts and weigh them against your desires and financial standing.    Some students opt for an overseas institution out of necessity because the specialised qualification  may not be available in Malaysia. Institutions abroad are often also better equipped in terms of  technology and expertise to allow you better access to the right kind of knowledge. This especially applies to scientific studies. Also, the opportunity to study in a world-famous institution will look very impressive on your resume. If you are given the chance to do this, do not turn it down as it will help your career in the long-run.    STUDYING LOCALLY   You may feel that a local institution may be the right fit to pursue your postgraduate studies. In fact, there are many institutions in Malaysia providing postgraduate programmes that are as good as those overseas. With this option, you wont have to travel far a Ethics in Psychology | Case Study Ethics in Psychology | Case Study Ethics has been defined as â€Å"a branch of philosophy that deals with thinking about morality,  moral problems, and judgements of proper conduct† (Frankena, 1973). Ethics is traditionally a branch of philosophy dealing with moral problems and moral judgments. White (1988) defines ethics as the evaluation of human actions. In doing so, we assign judgments to behavior as â€Å"right† or â€Å"wrong† and â€Å"good† or â€Å"bad† according to the perspective of a moral principle or ethical guideline. Although we may all strive to be right and good, a gap often exists between the ideal outcome and what can realistically be accomplished. We acknowledge that ethical perfection lies beyond reach for virtually all of us humans, even if we could completely agree on the ethically correct response in every situation. And, unfortunately, good intentions may prove insufficient to ensure that wrongs will not occur. An effective response requires developed skills, planned resources, the right information, and a pre-established ethical and self-awareness. Koocher, (2012) Some potential issues with this case study that seems to be transpiring into an unethical manner would be the confidentiality issues as well as the informed consent, other ethical issues would be like professional boundaries, limited resources and limits of competence, community expectations and values working with peer and other community helpers, and burnout are among these issues. (Schank, 1998) Mr. Albertson is a 54 year old male who came to Dr. Jones for Depression at the time of admission to her clinic, she should have had Mr. Albertson sign his consents so that she would have on file his next of kin no matter where they were located in case of an emergency such as his getting hurt at work. There are many forms and consents that needed to be signed immediately before Dr. Jones took Mr. Albertson as a client in her clinic. When you admit whether it is for inpatient or for an outpatient you must always have the client sign a consent for treatment, as well as the HIPPA consents, and then you explain the rules and regulations to the client especially if they don’t know what it means. According to the American Psychological Association at your first visit, a psychologist should give you written information explaining privacy policies and how your personal information will be handled. This information will explain that in some cases, there are exceptions to the privacy rule. Mr. Albertson went to see Dr. Jones for Depression but, when Mr. Albertson got hurt at work and suffered a concussion the Dr. decided at that time to have her client Mr. Albertson to sign a consent to release information which now is the wrong time because, the client now has an impairment that does not let him understand what is happening. He is also having issues, concentrating and is easily confused and is having trouble understanding these concepts. Dr. Jones wants Mr. Albertson to sign a release of information so she can talk to an attorney but, what about the Dr. That is, treating Mr. Albertson for his concussion and injury he suffered at work, so she can better find out what happened to him, so she can understand what or how she should proceed with his treatment for depression. The client does not understand what is wrong, but, the Dr. asked him to sign a release to speak with his co-worker and his lawyer in which the co-worker found for him. The Lawyer has no idea what he is dealing with at this time because, he has never spoken to Mr. Albertson, but, online and through phone calls. Principle of Ethics I, Rule J states â€Å"Individuals shall not guarantee the results of any treatment or procedure, directly or by implication; however, they may make a reasonable statement of prognosis.† American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (1997-2014). Principle of Ethics III states â€Å"Individuals shall honor their responsibility to the public by promoting public understanding of the professions, by supporting the development of services designed to fulfill the unmet needs of the public, and by providing accurate information in all communications involving any aspect of the professions, including the dissemination of research findings and scholarly activities and the promotion, marketing, and advertising of products and services.† American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (1997-2014). Dr. Jones is not beyond the limits of her competency as of yet because by providing services to individuals for whom appropriate mental health services are not available and for which Dr. Jones has not obtained the competence necessary, will work closely with the community who may have the related prior training or experience and Amay provide such services in order to ensure that services are not denied if they make a reasonable effort to obtain the competence required by using relevant research, training, consultation. American psychological association (2015). According to the State of Texas licensing bureau of psychologists, Dr. Jones should provide only services for which she has the education, skills, and training to perform competently. Competency includes the ability to provide services concerning a specific individual that takes into account characteristics of that individual including age, gender, ethnicity, national origin, disability, language, and socio-economic status. Dr. Jones maintains current knowledge of scientific and professional information that ensures competency in every area in which she provides services. http://texreg.sos.state.tx.us/public (2012). A psychologist who lacks the competency to provide particular psychological services to a specific individual must withdraw and refer the individual to a competent appropriate service provider. In emergencies, when psychologists are asked to provide services to individuals for whom appropriate mental health services are not available and for which the Doctor has not obtained the necessary competence, doctors may provide such services only to the extent necessary to ensure that services are not denied. If ongoing services are provided, doctors must comply with subsection (d) of this section as soon as practicable or refer the patient as per subsection (h) of this section. http://texreg.sos.state.tx.us/public, (2012). Psychologist must refrain from initiating or continuing to undertake an activity when they know or should know that there is a substantial likelihood that personal problems or conflicts will prevent them from performing their work-related activities or producing a psychological report in a competent and timely manner. When Psychologists become aware of such conflicts, they must immediately take appropriate measures, such as obtaining professional consultation or assistance in order to determine whether they should limit, suspend, or terminate the engagement in accordance with Board rule  §465.21 of this title (relating to Termination of Services). This is from the State of Texas Licensing Board. http://texreg.sos.state.tx.us/public, (2012). No, she is not practicing outside of her scope of practice because she as a doctor will talk with the Primary Care Physician in order to place Mr. Albertson into an assisted living facility. But, she is working outside of her practice finding this client a guardian. If she would have had the papers already signed she would have already had the guardian whether it would be the friend or a family member. Consents are very important in the medical field as well as the substance abuse field. As for conflict of interest this case could be because the people that the doctor speaks with everyday are those that are in the community, and they all would probably know each other so they will be talking about things that maybe personal to the client. As for legal as long as the doctor has the consent signed and the client understood what he has signed the doctor may speak with the lawyer. Dr. Jones should have made sure all documentation was completed in the office before the sessions started with the client’s depression, this is number one in all areas of the medical practices. You cannot make a patient sign something he/she does not understand, and if there are other issues such as cognitive deficits then it will make it much harder to help this patient unless you have the documents signed beforehand and you have a guardian for this reasoning. Also be very careful of the No-Harm clause in the ethics and code of conduct for psychologists and licensees. References; American Psychological Association. (2014). Ethical principles of psychologists and code of conduct. Retrieved from http://www.apa.org/ethics/code/index.aspx American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA). Copyright 1997-2014. http://www.asha.org/about/contacts/ Frankena, WK (1973) Ethics (second edition), quoted in Nunn, J (1998) Laboratory Psychology, East Sussex: Psychology Press Ltd. McLeod, S. A. (2007). Psychology Research Ethics. Retrieved from http://www.simplypsychology.org/Ethics.html Schank, J. A., Skovholt, T. M. (1997). Dual-relationship dilemmas of  Rural and small town psychologists. Professional Psychology: Research  And Practice, 20, 244 –247. http://texreg.sos.state.tx.us/public Oedipus Rex by Sophocles | Themes Oedipus Rex by Sophocles | Themes Was it the tragic fate of murdering his father and marrying his mother, or the free will of trying to escape and avoid this horrific oracle that led to the demise of the beloved King Oedipus? Some may believe that people have the free will to determine how their life will play out; others believe that everyones life is predetermined and our actions are controlled by just that. In the Greek tragedy Oedipus Rex by Sophocles, fate played a very important role in the life of Oedipus and the characters around him. While Oedipus was free to try and escape his fate, we ultimately are left to find that fate played a greater role and that Oedipus could not run from himself. As demonstrated in Oedipus Rex, by Sophocles, while free will is a part of human nature, there is also predetermination of ones fate. According to WordReference.com, fate is defined as an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future set forth by a higher power. Since birth, Oedipus was cursed to someday murder his father and marry his mother, as foretold by the oracle of Apollo. Oedipuss birth father, Laius, was also affected by this fate and thus tried to get rid of Oedipus when he was a baby to try and escape this fate. Laius and his wife, Jocasta, then abandoned baby Oedipus on a mountain with his feet nailed together with spikes and left to die. Later, Oedipus was discovered by a kind shepherd and given to a nearby King and his wife to be raised as their own. Laiuss attempt to change fate was ultimately a failure and further led to the fulfilling of the prophecy. This was just one of the examples of how no matter what you do to avoid it; your fate will ultimately come true in time. This prophecy was willed by the gods to come true, no matter what Oedipus or King Laius did to avoid it. As Oedipus grew to become a man, the prophecy set forth once more. Before Oedipus left Corinth, he was determined to discover who he really was. He was made aware of his destiny, and this ultimately influenced his actions. Oedipuss actions did not lead to his destiny, knowing his destiny, led to his actions. For Oedipus, just knowing that his destiny led to the detestable acts of killing his father, whom he thought was the king of Corinth, and marrying his mother, was enough for him to leave Corinth and try to escape this fate, but Sophocles demonstrates how trying to outsmart ones fate will only convey one to it. Unknowingly, by leaving Corinth, Oedipus had begun the path to fulfill the prophecy. Oedipus indeed was afraid of fulfilling his horrible fate, so he was determined to change it. As Oedipus is traveling to get as far away from Corinth as possible, he encounters an elderl y man on a crossroads and kills him; unknowing that it was King Laius, who was actually his birth father, thus fulfilling half of the prophecy. As Oedipus gets closer to the city of Thebes, he encounters the Sphinx and solves her riddle, alas saving the city of Thebes, becoming king, and marrying his birth mother, Jocasta, completing the prophecy. Sophocles shows us that Oedipuss free willed actions cannot defeat fate, no matter how hard he tried. As the years passed by, we come to find that the city of Thebes is engrossed in a horrible plague that is troubling the citizens, so they come to King Oedipus for help. Oedipus has come to believe that he has outsmarted his destiny because he has not returned to Corinth since he left, so how could he possibly have killed his father and married his mother? We know from earlier in the story that Oedipus is confident in the prophets because he sent his brother-in-law, Creon, to find out what they can do to save the city. Creon returns and tells Oedipus that they must find the murderer of Laius to end the plague. Oedipus realizes that this is the fate of his city and he also knows little can be done about it. When Oedipus hears the news, all will be well, (pg. 222) he replies, Of course, but what were the Gods words? Theres no hope and nothing to fear in what youve said so far. (pg. 223) Oedipus trusts the words of Apollo, so he sets out to find the murderer of Laius only to find out that this will lead him a step closer to his fate. As Oedipus is accused of his fate by the prophet, Tiresias, he becomes angry. He then accuses the prophet of trying to conspire against him with Creon, and tries to banish him from Thebes. As things become tense in the house of Oedipus as everyone slowly realizes the truth of Oedipuss destiny, things start to get hectic. Oedipuss wife and mother, Jocasta, commits suicide when she realize what has happened, and Oedipus blinds himself by sticking two pins in his eyes because he cannot bear the truth. Oedipus even states, Go dark for all time blind to what you never should have seen, and blind to the love this heart has cried to see (pg. 256). He speaks of the consequences that he has faced due to fulfilling the prophecy. Oedipus has learned that no matter what his actions were, he could not avoid his fate. As was presented in Oedipus Rex, by Sophocles, fate, rather than free will, played a very important role in the life of Oedipus and the characters around him. Sophocles demonstrated to the readers that although free will is indeed in human nature, your life is ultimately predetermined and theres nothing a person can do to change it. If a prophecy is willed by the gods to happen it shall happen, and free willed actions cannot and will not defeat a persons fate.

Self-Preservation Is the First Law of Nature

â€Å"Self-preservation is the first law of nature. † The above quote is an often heard line regarding an individual’s response to the demands of nature. It can be said that self-preservation and security outweigh the need to act independently and freely of the constraints of others. This is but one of the ways one can attempt to balance out the desire to act independently but also with the need for security. The idea of resolving these seemingly irreconcilable needs is brought up in Shakespeare’s play Hamlet, wherein he writes of two main characters who attempt to resolve their need for independence and security.The playwright utilizes character to suggest that in the attempt to reconcile independence and security, it is ultimately the need for self-preservation that takes immediate priority. A character who is faced with the task of uniting his desire to act independently with his need for security is Hamlet. Hamlet shows a melancholy side to him when confronte d by these opposing demands. From his soliloquies, the reader is immersed in the thoughts of a pensive young man who struggles with the need for safety and freedom.He debates whether â€Å"to be, or not to be,† and although he does not hold his life at a â€Å"pin’s fee,† his heart harbors discontent with the â€Å"unweeded garden that grows to seed. † It is seen that he is conflicted with the demands set upon him by his dead father, as well as that of Claudius and the people of Denmark who want to move on from the passing, and he struggles with the desire to resolve his need for security and autonomy in this matter.From this, it is seen that Hamlet values self-preservation over independence as his soliloquies are only words and not actions, and as such, are the product of his own safety thereby allowing him to immerse himself in the safety of this own thoughts. Furthermore, it is evidenced that he is a procrastinator in his quest for independent action, and this ultimately turns out to be his tragic flaw. Even though he is set upon the task of avenging his father’s â€Å"foul and most unnatural death,† he stands â€Å"unpregnant of his cause. It is clear from this that Hamlet procrastinates in order to preserve his own well being and acts in his own self interest despite the desire to take revenge upon Claudius for his father’s death. He does not wish to act independently when his security is put at risk, especially in the presence of a â€Å"smiling, damned villain,† so he procrastinates in order to put off dealing with matters that might jeopardize his wellbeing. Conversely however, Hamlet has been shown to have an impulsive streak in the face of settling his desires for safety and freedom.This is clearly seen when he â€Å"follows [the ghost]† despite the apparitions intentions being unknown. The ghost could be the work of the devil, only to condemn Hamlet to his own personal oblivion, however , he still actively seeks out the spectre because he wishes to learn the truth of the matters concerning his father’s death. As well, he displays decisive action when he says the â€Å"rat dead, for a ducat, dead. † This violent and impulsive action results in the death of Polonius who was eavesdropping on his and Gertrude’s conversation.In both of these examples it is seen that Hamlet acts independently and decisively, with the underlying intent being that of self-preservation. He seeks out the ghost’s intentions because of his desire to live securely despite the rule of Claudius, and he kills Polonius only because he was acting on behalf of his own primal instinct to preserve himself. From these examples it is inferred that in his desire to harmonize safety and the need for independent action, hamlet acts impulsively to secure the security he craves.Lastly, it is seen that Hamlet exudes an aura of intelligence and quick wit when opposed by the daunting task of reconciling safety and independence. He has an innate ability to transform a turn of events to his advantage as is witnessed when the players come to put on a show. He utilizes them in order to â€Å"catch the conscience of the king,† wherein he collects enough evidence to cement the validity of the ghost’s statements. His ability to think quickly is invaluable, as this keeps his wellbeing a top priority while still unifying his need to act freely as well.Another character who deals with the prospect of reconciling his need to act independently with his need for security is Claudius. Unlike Hamlet who is a procrastinator in his deeds, Claudius is a man of decisive action. This is clearly seen when he decides to have Hamlet sent to England with â€Å"fiery quickness† due to his â€Å"antic disposition. † It is evident that Claudius does not deliberate on matters that require immediate attention as â€Å"[he’ll] have Hamlet hence to-night. à ¢â‚¬  From this, it can be inferred that Claudius wishes o preserve himself against a suspicious threat as he manages to actively deal with his adversary as well. In combination with his decisive action, it is known that Claudius is incredibly manipulative in his desire to unify freedom and safety. When Laertes makes his return to Denmark with every intention of avenging his father by killing Claudius, he does everything in his power to give†[Laertes’s soul] it[s] due content. † He placates Laertes’s indignant spirit and as a result, Laertes end up â€Å"rul’d by [Claudius]. From this, it is seen that Claudius utilizes manipulation for the sake of self-preservation while keeping his own independent actions an ulteriot motive. As well, Claudius has displayed a creative and strategic ingenuity when it comes to reconciling his own security and free will. He is determined to be rid of Hamlet, but his strategic nature indicates that he will do so by way of a cunning scheme. When Laertes and Claudius plan hamlet’s demise, Claudius maintains a skillful approach that will allow â€Å"purpose[to] hold there. It is evidenced that Claudius utilizes his own strategic nature in order to act for sake of saving his own flesh. While in the process of working towards acting independently, he also manages to keep his safety a top priority which is his ultimate motive against a dangerous opposition such as Hamlet. Lastly, it is seen that in his pursuit of uniting his own independent action and security, Claudius has shown a paranoid and guilt stricken side to him.He is responsible for the death of his own brother as his â€Å"stronger guilt defeats [his] stronger intent. † However, he cannot truly repent as his â€Å"words [are] without thought,† and as a result, they will â€Å"never to heaven go. † It is seen that because of his desire to remain secure in not only the eyes of the public, but as well as Hamlet and Gertrude, he cannot openly admit to his wrong doings. This is due to the fact that in doing so, he will risk the unbridled and justified wrath of hamlet which will compromise Claudius’s sport on the throne.Just like a scavenger whose actions are cowardly in order to live another day, Claudius too, lives securely to rule in the coming days due to his own inability to act independently. In conclusion, it is seen that in the attempt to reconcile ones desire for independent action as well as security, it is ultimately the self-preserving instinct that takes immediate control. This is clearly evidenced by both hamlet and Claudius in Shakespeare’s play Hamlet, who although take different approaches to this matter, fundamentally have the same mentality of keeping their desire to be secure the utmost priority.It is derived from the play that it is almost always security that takes precedence over freedom of actions; however it is up to the members of society to decide for them selves how they wish to approach their own attempt to reconcile their own need for security as well as the desire to act independently. There are many different approaches and ways to attempt this harmonization, and as such, each is tailored to an individual’s unique ability to decipher what it is that one really values and desires.

Gender Roles In Primates Essay

Primate behavioral and biological research has resulted in a huge number of observations that has served as basis in understanding gender roles among their closest relatives, the humans. Earlier concepts of gender differences among primates only described that female primates influenced the organization structure of primate groups. After comprehensive analyses of primate behavior for several decades, it has now been determined that female primates serve as the foundation for primate social organization, acting as the prime individuals that shape the structure of the society, as well as mold the dynamics of primate groups (Gagneux et al. , 1999). More importantly, observations from kin selection among primates have facilitated the understanding of human sexual behavior. Primate behavioral studies have examined that the females of several primate species have diverse roles in their kin, as well as in the primate social groups. The significant increase in information associated with primate behavior has been observed in the past decade and the amount of information is massive that it has circumvented the previous knowledge on primate behavior and social roles in the past centuries. Another primate behavioral feature that has been of interest to primatologists and anthropologists is primate dominance. Earlier studies have described that male primates have an inherent characteristic of dominance, which thus can be translated to the dominant personalities among humans. However, a novel characteristic that was recently reported involved the behavior of female primates, wherein females were observed to be highly competitive among their groups, which explains the human aspect of competition among women over different issues in life. In addition, primate studies have also shown that female primates are very resourceful in finding ways in solving issues on daily living in the wild, including searching for food, a place to live and even finding worthwhile mates for offspring production (Pope, 2000). The female primates are also independent wherein they have the inherent ability of constructing contraptions and methods that would help in their survival in the wild. Such observation among female primates helps in the understanding of human females and their ability to easily adapt to different situations in life, better than their human male counterpart. Primate research has also reported that primate females are assertive in terms of sexual behavior. Primate females show the ability to control a situation when a primate male is present and they are the ones who will determine whether copulation will occur with a particular primate male. It is also interesting to know that female primates are more susceptible to promiscuity during stages of puberty than male primates. The social organization of primates is very interesting because these species also have hierarchies which determine which individual will have the right to choose his mate and this is mainly based on the level of aggressiveness of the male primate. The most aggressive male primate is thus given the first chance to pick his female primate of choice and the least aggressive male primate often ends up with lesser of a choice among the female primates. Such behavior is generally observed in human society wherein the most aggressive men often get to choose and pursue the most attractive woman and the shy and quiet men often end up with relationships with less attractive women. The female primates have also been observed to show prime responsibility over her offspring, just like the human female (Maestripieri, 1994). The primate males have also been determined to be responsible in finding food for his offspring, searching the forest for fruits and other plants that will be brought to their place of living to feed his young. The male primate has also been observed to protect their place of living from other predatory species as well as other aggressive and destructive male primates. Primate research has transformed our old concepts of human behavior and it is interesting to know that all primates follow the same behavior for specific situations. References Gagneux, P, Boesch, C. , and Woodruff, D. 1999. Female reproductive strategies, paternity, and community structure in wild West African chimpanzees. Anim. Behav. 57: 19-32. Maestripieri, D. 1994. Social structure, infant handling, and mother styles in group-living Old World monkeys. Int. J. Primatol. 15: 531-553. Pope, T. R. 2000. Reproductive success increases with degree of kinship in cooperative coalitions of female red howler monkeys (Alouatta seniculus). Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 48: 253-267.

A Good Editor Can Help You Become a Better Writer

A Good Editor Can Help You Become a Better Writer Today, most of us find that we have to write more often than we thought we ever would. We are definitely not professional writers. In fact, many of us dont want to be writers at all. We struggle through English classes in high school, composition classes in undergraduate school, thesis work in graduate school. We write only when we have to write, wishing all the while, as we revise endlessly at three in the morning, that the project were struggling with was already completed.When we receive our degrees and go into the real world, we find that nothing has changed. Our reasons for writing became even stronger. We discover that the world in the information age does indeed run on words, words that constantly appear in team meetings, statistical documentation, projects, proposals, press releases, memos and letters, and executive summaries – the list goes on and on, and all of it is communication that is essential to our career advancement. We find that despite that technical gadget called a computer, we still have to be creative and learn how to communicate in the best manner possible. It all, of course, means more writing!So what is a frustrated, overworked person to do? The answer is simple. If you want to become a better writer, find a good editor. A good editor can act in numerous ways to help you become a good writer. A good editor is a blessing, disguised in formatted red ink, lined strikeovers of your copy, and inserted, often weird, comments that help you discover suddenly what you really want to say and how to say it better.A good editor can make you a better writer because that person will make you look at your writing from a different point of view. An editor sees your writing from a fresh perspective, and when you get your document back and work on it again, you suddenly find you are looking at your writing more closely. You will have to make some decisions too, which will also help turn you into a better writer.You will have to decide whether to accept the editors offered changes or keep what you had in your draft. You will have to decide whether you agree or disagree with the editors criticism of your topic, your arguments, and your conclusions. In short, you will have to learn how to defend your document. In so doing, you will not only see its strengths; you will suddenly learn its weaknesses. Great editors in the publishing world, like Maxwell Perkins and Bennett Cerf, and most recently Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis with Viking Press, have worked on just these tasks, as they helped some of the greatest writers polish their masterpieces.So when you find a good editor, what can you expect that editor to do? The following descriptions cover a few of the writer benefits a good editor can provide:A mentor – a good editor is a helpmate, a cheerleader who will keep you writing, and despite how convoluted your work is or how complete, will offer praise and encouragement to keep you writing and rewriting.An instructor  œ a good editor will teach by explaining the concepts behind the red typed changes and the comments to re-organize or focus or stay on topic or clarify or expand. You will learn not to make those grammar errors you have always made because now you are beginning to understand the rules. You will learn how to replace the wrong word with the right word that really communicates the idea you have stored so precisely in your head, but cant get down on paper or the computer screen. You learn about the Whys of Writing, and amazingly, start to like the process, if not love it. Learning how to write clearly is a major high.A second pair of eyes – a good editor looks at your copy with fresh eyes and without an ongoing headache (hopefully). One of the tenets of writing is to set aside a newly written draft and let it steep like a good cup of tea. An editor can see the potential of that cup of tea because he or she didnt brew it. That impression from the other side of the room is invaluab le to any writer. An editor can see the flaws of your logic or point out the details that you missed. In doing so, your editor will speed up the process for you, the writer.A devils advocate – a good editor is not afraid to appeal to your artistic and creative conscience. A little like Jiminy Cricket in Disneys Pinocchio, an editor will be your conscience, play the role of lawyer, philosopher, and critic to help you evaluate your ideas and your logical, truthful, and even accurate expression of them. Whether you are off the wall, or on the beaten track, or arguing a unique point of view that needs clarification, an editor can give you valuable feedback about your creative ideas and help you find your true voice.A personal organizer – a good editor will keep you striving to meet your deadline and help you produce the best product possible. Your editor will be a stickler in finding and drawing to your attention (sometimes a bit annoyingly) the silly proofreading mistakes you just keep on making, as you try to be creative, productive, and finished.No matter what kind of material you want or need to produce, any time a person writes, input is vital. Writing is a solitary job. It can be a pretty lonely exercise to sit and stare at your computer or a blank sheet of paper while you try to pull the words out of your head and birth that marvelous idea you know in your creative mind was just what you wanted to say.Writers need contact and input, praise and disagreement. Editors can do that with great aplomb when they are good. Your editor is your creative partner, who after he or she has helped you to make the best possible impression with your writing, fades silently away until the next time help is needed. Where else could you find a better partnership than that?

Free Essays on Fittness

The 1995 Dietary Guidelines for Americans Eat a variety of foods. I’m really bad in this area. I usually eat the same things every day. I eat sandwiches for lunch and pizza for dinner. I need to implement a variety of foods into my diet. Balance the food you eat with physical activity - maintain or improve your weight. I’m even worse in this area. Ever since I came to school, my physical activity has been limited to Fit/Well class. I really need to start doing some exercise. My weight right now isn’t too bad, but at this rate I’ll be really fat by the time I graduate. Choose a diet with plenty of grain products, vegetables, and fruits. I do fine in the grain products, but my fruits and vegetables are lacking. Choose a diet low in fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol. Fat intake should not exceed 30% of your total kcal intake. I average 36%. So, I need to cut down on my fats. Cholesterol intake should not exceed 300 mg per day. I averaged 283. I’m goo d with my cholesterol. Choose a diet moderate in sugars. I don’t eat any sweets. Actually, besides pop, I don’t eat anything sweet, so I’m alright here. Choose a diet moderate in salt and sodium. Sodium intake should not exceed 2400 mg per day. I average 1634 mg per day, so I’m pretty good here. If you drink alcoholic beverages, do so in moderation. I don’t drink alcohol, so I shouldn’t have any problems here. Food Guide Pyramid The bread, cereal, rice, and pasta group recommends 6-11 servings per day. I averaged 11.5 servings. I’d say I’m pretty close in that group. I could eat a little less there. The fruit group recommends 2-4 servings. I averaged 1.8 servings per day. I should definitely eat more fruits. The vegetable group recommends 3-5 servings. I averaged 1.7 servings per day. I need to eat more vegetables. The milk, yogurt, and cheese group recommends 2-3 servings per day. I averaged 6.7 servings per day. I need to cut down on my milk and cheese. The meat, p... Free Essays on Fittness Free Essays on Fittness The 1995 Dietary Guidelines for Americans Eat a variety of foods. I’m really bad in this area. I usually eat the same things every day. I eat sandwiches for lunch and pizza for dinner. I need to implement a variety of foods into my diet. Balance the food you eat with physical activity - maintain or improve your weight. I’m even worse in this area. Ever since I came to school, my physical activity has been limited to Fit/Well class. I really need to start doing some exercise. My weight right now isn’t too bad, but at this rate I’ll be really fat by the time I graduate. Choose a diet with plenty of grain products, vegetables, and fruits. I do fine in the grain products, but my fruits and vegetables are lacking. Choose a diet low in fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol. Fat intake should not exceed 30% of your total kcal intake. I average 36%. So, I need to cut down on my fats. Cholesterol intake should not exceed 300 mg per day. I averaged 283. I’m goo d with my cholesterol. Choose a diet moderate in sugars. I don’t eat any sweets. Actually, besides pop, I don’t eat anything sweet, so I’m alright here. Choose a diet moderate in salt and sodium. Sodium intake should not exceed 2400 mg per day. I average 1634 mg per day, so I’m pretty good here. If you drink alcoholic beverages, do so in moderation. I don’t drink alcohol, so I shouldn’t have any problems here. Food Guide Pyramid The bread, cereal, rice, and pasta group recommends 6-11 servings per day. I averaged 11.5 servings. I’d say I’m pretty close in that group. I could eat a little less there. The fruit group recommends 2-4 servings. I averaged 1.8 servings per day. I should definitely eat more fruits. The vegetable group recommends 3-5 servings. I averaged 1.7 servings per day. I need to eat more vegetables. The milk, yogurt, and cheese group recommends 2-3 servings per day. I averaged 6.7 servings per day. I need to cut down on my milk and cheese. The meat, p...

Managing for the Future Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Managing for the Future - Essay Example Comparison of the competence that a company will need and the competence that the company is already endowed with 23 9. Conclusion from the comparison 24 Reference List 25 1.0 Introduction The competitive edge of an organization depends upon several contributing factors, and one of them is strategic plan for the future. The strategic plan for the future is a rough guide book that lets the organizations produce a rough sketch (Braithwaite and Hall, 2009). A sketch that may look very rough and unrecognizable but as time progresses the sketch begins to take a definitive shape. In the present context the research reports sheds light on the track record of the management of BP (British Petroleum) oil for the past years. The management strategies and the decisions of the BP management is critiqued and analyzed to reflect its effectiveness (Das and Teng, 2004). The research report then develops a rough sketch of future environmental condition. The environmental condition is prepared based o n the present state of condition, and also based on the way the future spans out. The research report indicates what the management of BP oil needs to do in order to position itself in a better way in the future (Gilbert and Gips, 2000). Lastly the research report produces a comparative picture of the competencies that BP oil is already endowed with and the competencies that BP need to develop. The research report delves into 3 separate areas, one is sustainability, another one is distribution and the third one is corporate social responsibility. 2. Historic analysis of the organization’s performance The historical performance of BP is traced across 3 important areas, which are sustainability, CSR and distribution. 2.1 Sustainability The sustainability of BP is measured across 4 different areas, which are safety, environment, people and performance. Over the last 8 years starting from 2007 to 2013, BP has developed its safety measures (Harland and Branchley, 2003). This led t o the decrease in the number of fatalities, the number of days away from work for the employees. Improved safety measures in the past 7 years also ensured that the numbers of oil spills decrease. Apart from that the amount of greenhouse gas emission has also decreased. The sustainability encompasses other important factors also like the people and performance. The last 7 years data indicate that the numbers of employees have increased sufficiently (John, 2010). Improved employee satisfaction led to the retention of more number of employees. Working in BP requires staying away from home for long durations. So the intake of women in this line of work was always few and in fact negligible. The inclusion of women in its work force indicated the bold stride of BP towards the expulsion of gender bias from the work culture (Kahnmann and Tversky, 2001). In case of performance, there has been tremendous increase in the amount of dividend paid to shareholders and the contribution towards the communities. The sustainability reports indicate that the company invested significantly to ensure that both the environment and the employees are kept from harm’s way. Although the recent oil spill of the BP in the Gulf of Mexico is an indication of the fact that BP has major gaping holes in its safety procedure. 2.2 Distribution The

Employer-sponsored Retirement Plans Research Paper

Employer-sponsored Retirement Plans - Research Paper Example The compensation issues will have been put to rest. As a human right policy, it means that every individual’s contribution to the national development is highly valued and that this valued contribution will be equitably compensated. Moreover, for workers in the same job family, there should never be a huge disparity in pay and compensation structure especially if workers are employed under the same skill qualification (Human Resources and Skills Development Canada). In the second question, analysis established that there is a violation of Equity Pay Act on policy-capturing. This is so because studies on the over three hundred job families, there was a disparity on the point-factor in the study found out that there exists disparity in jobs with similar job content features. Such features include the level and span of supervision, education level, analytic reasoning and experience. These features clusters job families into similar compensable factors that will be used in determining point-factor pay by use of relevant weight factors. Irrespective of this methodology, it was found that there is a disparity in pay and compensation in female and race-dominated classes. This creates biases that violate the Pay Equity Act as there is no structure that sets the maintenance of such envisioned internal equity. Even after employment there is no quantitative evaluation system of the job tied to a unified wage structure that will guard against subjective in equity from occurring. These include promotion and wage increment as gender and race-based prejudices sets in and prevent upward mobility of women and workers from other minority races (Chen, 98). Specifically, the law, Equity Pay Act 1963 prohibits any gender-based discrimination in a work establishment. This is so for men and women who are working on essentially similar skill and experience. Congress, in its wisdom, contemplated equity if the